Related Posts with Thumbnails

Is the way we hold democratic student-teacher meetings in schools making young people cynical about democracy?


Robert Thornberg of the Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning at Linkoeping University in Sweden has recently published a fascinating study about the way young people view democracy.

He attended school democratic meetings between teachers and students in a Swedish school, and noted that there was a specific manner of of discourse in place: the teacher would initiate by asking a question, the students would respond by answering it, then the teacher would evaluate their responses. These findings showed no real signs of democracy in student-teacher discourse, highlighting an emphasis on the "correct" answers rather than deliberative democratic conversation. Thornberg posits that this may induce young people to have a cynical attitude towards the idea of democracy as a whole.

Find the full article here.

Swearing increases pain tolerance


Dr. Richard Stevens of Keele University has recently completed a fascinating study into the use of swear words when feeling pain - and has discovered as a result that swear words actually increase people's tolerance of pain.


Along with his colleagues, he asked 64 university students to submerge their hands in ice water for as long as possible while repeating a swear word of their choice; they were then asked to repeat the experiment using a more commonplace word that they would use to describe a table.

The researchers discovered that participants were able to keep their hands submerged in the ice water for a longer period of time when they repeated the swear word, thus establishing a link between swearing and pain tolerance.

Fascinating study: How to increase altruism in toddlers


Over & Carpenter, two researchers at Cardiff University, have recently published a study on how to increase altruism in toddlers. The results are surprising in their simplicity. No long, drawn-out system of teaching; no specific cues; no particular schools or methods of parenting... it's simply a case of two dolls.


Working on the hypothesis that altruism has evolved as a direct consequence of humanity's need for group living in order to survive, Over & Carpenter took sixty 18-month-old toddlers and divided them into four groups, showing each group one of four versions of photos of household objects: shoes, books, teapots and so on. In one version, two dolls stood side-by-side in the background; in another, a lone doll stood in the background; in the third, two dolls faced away from each other; and in the final version, there were no dolls in the background, just a pile of toy bricks.


After showing the photos to the toddlers, another experimenter walked towards the infants and dropped some pens on the way over. The toddlers who had been shown the photos with the two dolls standing together in the background were three times as likely to help the experimenter pick up the pens as were the infants in any of the other groups.


Find the full study here.

Always remember to breathe

In March this year, a Chinese builder hit the headlines when he used Buddhist breathing techniques to keep himself alive when he otherwise would undoubtedly have died. By slowing his breathing and being aware of how to breathe correctly, he managed to create an air pocket for himself as he lay trapped under rubble. Two hours later, when a rescue team dug him out, they were fully expecting the man to be dead, instead finding him alive and most definitely breathing.


In this motivational clip, Pfizer reminds us that breathing is important:

How self-esteem moderates the relationship between gender and weight preoccupation in undergraduates


Mary Pritchard of Boise State University noticed that research has been conducted into the relationship between gender and self-esteem, gender and weight preoccupation, and self-esteem and weight preoccupation. No studies have yet focused, however, on whether self-esteem is a moderating factor in the relationship between gender and weight preoccupation.


Results from Pritchard's study of 567 undergraduate students showed significant differences between the two genders in relation to both self-esteem and weight preoccupation, and the interaction between self-esteem and weight preoccupation was small but significant. Pritchard points out that this is something counsellors should be aware of when dealing with cases of low self-esteem.

Read the full article here.

Basic personality disorders in relation to alcohol consumption


A group of researchers from the Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology have recently been studying the type of personality that correlates with high alcohol consumption. The personalities of 539 college students - 283 women, 256 men - were analysed using four questionnaires. The researchers concluded that disagreeable disinhibition as a personality trait predicted alcohol consumption both during the week and at the weekend, whereas unconscious disinhibition correlated with alcohol consumption at the weekends only.


Read the full study here.

Eating disorder patients who binge display a lower level of cognitive control than those who restrict


Researchers from Belgium and the USA have teamed up to study how personality traits correlate with different types of eating disorder. Working with forty eating disordered participants, they discovered that for patients whose disorder manifested itself through binging and purging, levels of behavioural inhibition, cognitive control and effortful control were significantly lower than those exhibited by patients whose eating disorders involved restricting instead.


Read the full report here.

About Me

My Photo
Scar
Scarlett de Courcier is a researcher in Psychology & History of Religion, looking into the linguistic development of religious terms and how they affect people's understanding of their own spirituality. She also works for West Sussex Youth Cabinet, helping young people to get involved in democracy; manages an international network of publishers at a new media advertising company in London; and is a freelance proofreader, translator and writer. She loves all her jobs, but when people ask what she does and she replies “I'm in advertising”, she always looks down and slightly to the right. Scar is sickeningly happily married, and lives by the sea with her husband. In her spare time, she likes to read (anything and everything, but a lot of crime fiction), cook, blog, swim, run, sit by the sea at night, sing, write poetry, and sit down with a nice cup of tea. She speaks French and English fluently, as well as Spanish, Italian, German and Romany to an intermediate level, and she has just taken up Sanskrit. She is a petrolhead and is hopelessly addicted to caffeine.
View my complete profile

Subscribe

Subscribe in a Reader:


OR

Subscribe via Email:

Enter your email address:

Delivered by FeedBurner